![]() Sensory neurons transmit signals from the sense organs about touch, sights, sounds, tastes, and smells. ![]() The nervous system contains hundreds of different types of neurons that have physical forms specialized for their functions. Outgoing signals are then transmitted along a single extension called the axon, which can span long distances (as far as meters) to reach yet more neurons or other types of cell.īetween the axon of a transmitting neuron and the dendrite of a receiving neuron is a gap called the synapse -the site at which signals are passed between the brain cells. The branch-like dendrites of a neuron receive incoming signals from thousands of other neurons. The cell body (or soma) is a neuron’s center, from which different types of extensions project outward toward other neurons. A neuron or nerve cell is the brain's fundamental building block for the transmission of information.
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